This chapter traces the trajectory of the Ukrainian language from historical marginalisation under imperial and Soviet rule to its contemporary revitalisation amid ongoing war. Drawing on sociological data and longitudinal evidence of social practices, it examines linguistic shifts since independence, particularly following the 2014 Revolution of Dignity and the 2022 full-scale invasion. The chapter assesses how language policies have shaped governance, employment, and civic participation, situating these dynamics within broader processes of national resilience and identity formation. By integrating historical, sociological, and economic perspectives, it shows how language has emerged not only as a marker of sovereignty but also as a strategic resource in Ukraine’s struggle for self-determination.