This chapter examines the institutional resilience of Ukrainian local self-government municipalities (hromadas) during wartime. Decentralisation and various sociopolitical, economic, and institutional factors have contributed to withstand the shocks caused by Russia’s full-scale invasion of 2022. Drawing on Norris et al.’s (Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. American Journal of Community Psychology 41 (1–2): 127–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-007-9156-6 , 2008) resilience framework, the study conceptualises resilience through preparedness, robustness, and adaptation, emphasising institutional stability as a foundation for broader crisis response. Survey data and regression analysis reveal a stark gap between Ukranian hromadas’ low preparedness and their comparatively higher robustness and adaptation, suggesting that local resilience in Ukraine can be primarily driven by institutional robustness and flexible adaptation. Moreover, economic self-sufficiency and social capital—especially inter-hromada cooperation—emerge as key predictors of adaptation and robustness. Findings highlight the role of Ukraine’s 2014 decentralisation reform in shaping local resilience, emphasising the need for further research on regional governance and long-term resilience strategies in wartime and post-war contexts.