The incidence of inflammatory pancreatic disorders (acute pancreatitis (AP), acute recurrent pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis) has been increasing in the pediatric population. Even though most of the management principles of pancreatic disorders were mostly extrapolated from the adult literature, the causes of these disorders in children are unique and different from the adults. Most cases of AP in children are mild. The most common causes of pediatric AP include biliary/obstructive, medications, and systemic inflammatory conditions. Appropriate fluid management with optimal pain control along with early introduction of feeding remains the cornerstone of AP management. Nutritional status is often compromised in patients with chronic pancreatitis and the causes for malnutrition include increased symptom burden and frequent hospitalizations interfering with oral intake, and also due to the onset of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in some individuals. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is the mainstay of management for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency along with fat and fat-soluble vitamin supplementation. In this chapter, the nutritional management of pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is detailed.

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Nutrition in Pancreatic Disorders

  • Senthilkumar Sankararaman,
  • Terri Schindler,
  • Aravind Thavamani

摘要

The incidence of inflammatory pancreatic disorders (acute pancreatitis (AP), acute recurrent pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis) has been increasing in the pediatric population. Even though most of the management principles of pancreatic disorders were mostly extrapolated from the adult literature, the causes of these disorders in children are unique and different from the adults. Most cases of AP in children are mild. The most common causes of pediatric AP include biliary/obstructive, medications, and systemic inflammatory conditions. Appropriate fluid management with optimal pain control along with early introduction of feeding remains the cornerstone of AP management. Nutritional status is often compromised in patients with chronic pancreatitis and the causes for malnutrition include increased symptom burden and frequent hospitalizations interfering with oral intake, and also due to the onset of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in some individuals. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is the mainstay of management for exocrine pancreatic insufficiency along with fat and fat-soluble vitamin supplementation. In this chapter, the nutritional management of pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is detailed.