Failure to thrive (FTT), also known as faltering growth, indicates insufficient weight gain or absence of appropriate physical growth in children. The diagnosis is made by a combination of growth and weight assessments, nutritional evaluations including dietary intake and eating patterns, along with clinical symptoms, laboratory assessment, and physical examination. The etiology of FTT can be broad and must include a multifactorial assessment in an organized manner to determine the underlying cause. Treatment interventions can include nutritional support, appetite stimulation, and treatment of symptoms leading to decreased absorption and associated gastrointestinal losses, as well as education and in some cases psychological supports.