This chapter first addresses technology from a historical point of view, retracing the evolutionary stages found in psychology and, subsequently, offers a re-conceptualization from a cultural point of view. The concepts of mediation and artifact are discussed. The educational implications of the use of technologies are highlighted, illustrating useful approaches in this sense, such as Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, Trialogical Learning Approach and Dialogical Self Theory. Various research studies are mentioned that demonstrate the effects of the use of technologies to support learning. Finally, critical reflections and indications on future developments are reported.