A standardized classification system to communicate relevant attributes of renal tumors did not exist until recently. The emergence and subsequent validation of the RENAL nephrometry score and, soon thereafter, several other systems have allowed reproducible objectification, reporting, and comparison of salient anatomic features of renal tumors. As such, quantification of anatomic tumor attributes has afforded meaningful correlation of tumor anatomy to surgical, functional, and oncologic outcomes, allowing prognostication of not only perioperative outcomes but also tumor biology. As such, objective and standardized reporting of renal anatomy has now become integral to individualized treatment selection.