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The application of nanotechnology in agriculture, particularly nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-fungicides, offers innovative and sustainable solutions for enhancing crop productivity and plant protection. Nano-fertilizers utilize nanoparticles to optimize controlled nutrient release and absorption, facilitating targeted delivery to plants via foliar application. Their mechanism involves penetrating the plant cuticle through hydrophilic and lipophilic channels, which enhances nutrient uptake and regulates metabolic processes. When administered to the plant system, nano-fertilizer alters the regulation of metabolome through transcriptional reprogramming. Nano-fertilizers are usually utilized for intensification if biologically produced solely or in combination with conventional fertilizers. For plant protection against pest infestation and fungal infections generation solutions such as nano-pesticides and nano-fungicides are being utilized instead of conventional pesticides and fungicides due to target efficacy against pests and less environmental impact. Nano-pesticides are mainly composed of metallic nanoparticles such as silver and copper, which exert their effects through oxidative stress, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage pest cells. Certain nano-pesticides employ encapsulation techniques in their formulation to protect active ingredients (AIs) from environmental degradation, releasing them in response to specific triggers like pest digestive enzymes. This targeted delivery enhances the effectiveness of pest control while minimizing environmental impact. Nano-fungicides similarly utilize nanoscale properties to effectively target fungal pathogens, often by disrupting cell membranes or inducing oxidative stress. Overall, the unique physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles facilitate improved interaction with target organisms, leading to more efficient agricultural practices that address challenges related to food security and environmental sustainability. This chapter highlights the potential of nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-fungicides for efficient plant protection and sustainably intensified biomass production.

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Revealing Molecular Mechanisms behind Nano-Fertilizers, Nano-Pesticides, and Nano-Fungicides

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Amisha Rani,
  • Aman Sharma,
  • Neha Soni,
  • Arti Shivraj Nile,
  • Shivraj Hariram Nile

摘要

The application of nanotechnology in agriculture, particularly nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-fungicides, offers innovative and sustainable solutions for enhancing crop productivity and plant protection. Nano-fertilizers utilize nanoparticles to optimize controlled nutrient release and absorption, facilitating targeted delivery to plants via foliar application. Their mechanism involves penetrating the plant cuticle through hydrophilic and lipophilic channels, which enhances nutrient uptake and regulates metabolic processes. When administered to the plant system, nano-fertilizer alters the regulation of metabolome through transcriptional reprogramming. Nano-fertilizers are usually utilized for intensification if biologically produced solely or in combination with conventional fertilizers. For plant protection against pest infestation and fungal infections generation solutions such as nano-pesticides and nano-fungicides are being utilized instead of conventional pesticides and fungicides due to target efficacy against pests and less environmental impact. Nano-pesticides are mainly composed of metallic nanoparticles such as silver and copper, which exert their effects through oxidative stress, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage pest cells. Certain nano-pesticides employ encapsulation techniques in their formulation to protect active ingredients (AIs) from environmental degradation, releasing them in response to specific triggers like pest digestive enzymes. This targeted delivery enhances the effectiveness of pest control while minimizing environmental impact. Nano-fungicides similarly utilize nanoscale properties to effectively target fungal pathogens, often by disrupting cell membranes or inducing oxidative stress. Overall, the unique physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles facilitate improved interaction with target organisms, leading to more efficient agricultural practices that address challenges related to food security and environmental sustainability. This chapter highlights the potential of nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-fungicides for efficient plant protection and sustainably intensified biomass production.