The text analyses the experience of the National Liberation Armed Forces (FALN), a Venezuelan guerrilla organisation that extended its activities between 1961 and 1969. Its experience served as a precedent in theoretical and organisational aspects subsequently developed by other guerrilla groups, presenting singularities related to its relations with the Cuban Revolution, together with the geopolitical dimension achieved, both on the part of the USSR and the context of the Sino-Soviet rupture, and on the part of the counter-insurgency response deployed by the Venezuelan government in collaboration with the USA and the diplomatic offensive deployed within the Organization of American States. The scenarios of collaboration that took place between the US and the Cuban government in the 1960s constituted the Cuban Revolution greatest international involvement, leading to one of the most intense political and ideological confrontations and ruptures that took place within the Latin American revolutionary left, that between Fidel Castro and the Venezuelan Communist Party.