This chapter considers the patellofemoral joint and factors leading to patellar dislocation. The popliteal fossa anatomy is discussed as are the popliteal vessels and the vascular anastomosis around the knee (akin to that around the elbow). The saphenopopliteal junction is discussed as is the basic anatomy and biomechanics of the knee joint; the structure of the menisci and the cruciates (and their common injuries) and the anatomy of both clinical and arthroscopic examination of the knee.