BiomaterialsBiomaterials are components that have been contrived to intermingle with biological systemsBiological system for medical interventions, which could be either curative (repairRepair, augment, treat, or replace a tissueTissue function of the body) or diagnosticDiagnostic. Majority of biomaterialsBiomaterials stimulate the formation of cellsCell, perform anti-microbial functions, or prevent the harmful transformationTransformation of some cellsCell. This chapter will discuss recent advances in biomaterialBiomaterials research, focusing on materialMaterial design and fabrication. Some of the potentialPotential applicationsApplications of biomaterialsBiomaterials will be discussed including tissue engineeringTissue engineering (TE), orthopedic applicationOrthopedic application, central nervous systemCentral nervous system applicationsApplications, regenerative medicineRegenerative medicine, and gene deliveryGene delivery. Moreover, this chapter will explore the advances at multi-scale levels (macro-, micro-, and nano-scale). Finally, challenges and future views will be presented to provide development of novel biomaterialsBiomaterials that will have a role in immune modulationImmune modulation, viral controlViral control, 3D printing3D printing of organsOrgan, as well as, reducingReducing the side effects of drug deliveryDrug delivery to humanHuman cellsCell and increasing the efficiencyEfficiency and performancePerformance of drugsDrug inside the body.