Urban Space, Society, and Urban Innovation
摘要
A public space is a place where people can congregate, connect, and express their culture and lifestyle. Democratization and collective needs in events are at the heart of European public space. Although the Indonesian public space is a product of the government’s power and generosity towards its people, public spaces are undergoing significant alterations of a variety of policies, forces, and urban frameworks. The design of open space is shaped by economic, political, and technical factors. When the government wants to make neighbourhoods kid-friendly, they build playgrounds in all public spaces.