To address pressing challenges such as climate change, environmental degradation and energy security, the global transition to renewable energy has become essential. This study presented an analysis of the factors affecting renewable energy consumption in nations classified by the Human Development Index (HDI). A Bayesian Model Averaging approach, along with panel econometrics, was used to study how economic, environmental and technological factors influence the adoption of renewable energy. A higher HDI is largely determined by environmental and technological factors, while a lower HDI is constrained by infrastructure and economic limitations. Several factors, including CO2 emissions, policy frameworks and energy security concerns, influence energy prices. To accelerate renewable energy deployment and achieve sustainability goals, tailored regional strategies and international collaboration are crucial. This study analysed global trends and policies to provide actionable insights for policymakers and investors, helping optimise renewable energy strategies and align them with climate policies.