The inspection and assessment of pavement conditions are critical components of the Road Maintenance Management System (RMMS), enabling relevant agencies to identify issues and plan maintenance activities appropriately. This ensures road users’ safety and maintains the service quality of roads at optimal levels. This article presents the application of smartphone sensors for detecting pavement distress. Smartphones were mounted on test vehicles to measure signals from various sensors while driving on asphaltic concrete pavements. The study outlines the installation method, signal processing procedures, and initial signal filtering techniques, along with test results obtained from driving over different types of pavement damage, including longitudinal cracking, rutting, potholes, patching, and raveling. The findings indicate that the proposed method accurately detects pavement damage corresponding to actual field conditions. Furthermore, the study introduces an approach to estimate the length of deteriorated pavement sections, achieving an error margin ranging from 9% to 51%. The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of using smartphone sensors for pavement distress detection, highlighting their potential as a practical and accessible tool for pavement condition monitoring. This approach offers significant advantages in terms of convenience, cost-efficiency, and scalability compared to traditional inspection methods. The insights gained from this research provide a foundation for developing advanced applications of smartphone sensors in road maintenance, supporting agencies in ensuring safer and more reliable road networks.