This chapter examines the forms and dimensions that the practices of violence took during the Greek civil war between 1943 and 1949. The emphasis is on the strands of violence (selective or indiscriminate, centralized or locally organized); the motivations for applying it (political or private); and the forms of violence, including violent death or homicide, used intentionally against noncombatants. It is argued that violence against civilians in the Greek Civil War was employed in all its phases and was manifested both at macro and micro levels. At the national level, the struggle was ideological and political. The conflicting parties aimed either to restore the prewar constitutional order or to change it in a radical direction. At the regional and local levels, ideology and politics were blended with personal concerns and grudges from the very beginning.