Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Based Cyclone Coping Capacity Index of Bhadrak District, Odisha, India Using Geospatial Techniques
摘要
Human activity and unplanned development cause climate change and destruction of biodiversity throughout the globe. From the last few decades, natural and human induce disaster continues to trigger its impact on human and its surrounding environment. Cyclones are the most important natural disaster which affect the coastal as well as inland community all over the world. Due to climate change, the sea surface temperature and other physical properties are also changing which accelerates the intensity and damage of tropical cyclone day by day. Unprepared communities are less able to cope with the effects of a disaster, and as a result, they are more likely to suffer from its effects. Considering a multi-objective technique of decision-making, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) produced a quantitative evaluation of metrics, based on the expert subjectivity. The approach comprised designing a hierarchical framework, creating judgment matrices, figuring out index weights, and checking compatibility. To combat with such grave occurrence like cyclone, it is necessary to cope with the situation. So far the human community should increase their coping capacity to prevent such disaster situation. In this study, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) technique has been used to make Cyclone Coping Capacity Index (CCI). The criteria like relative relief, distance from road, distance from river, pucca house, health facility, literate population, and cyclone shelter were used to build coping capacity model using geospatial techniques. It has been found out that 27645.65 hectares of land fall into very high CCI zones, which are 11.60% of total study areas; likewise, high CCI in 58079.26 hectares (24.37%), moderate CCI in 73115.70 hectares (30.68%), and low CCI zones in 79409.62 hectares (33.35%) are observed. This study will help the disaster management authority and stakeholders to make better plan for survival from any natural hazard like cyclone.