While Otto is still a minor, government is in the hands of a three-member Regency, headed by the anglophile von ArmanspergArmansperg. Under the veil of the foreign protectors, the Bavarian period is, up to 1843, full of legislative activity, new town plans, settlement creation, and administrative rearrangements. It is to these activities this Chap. 5 is devoted. Influential architect-planners appear on the scene, German or trained in Germany. Ambitious plans are produced for AthensAthensand PiraeusPiraeus, while eager businessmen converge in order to acquire land especially from the departing Turks. An ill-fated proposal by a German architect was to build a new royal palace on the ancient Acropolis of AthensAcropolis of Athens. In this chapter, the international political and urban planning developments are reviewed, along with planning activity in Greece. A special place is reserved to the 1835 decree on the sanitary construction of towns and townships, to the plans for Athens and Piraeus, to the path-breaking legislative work of von MaurerMaurer, professor of law and member of the Regency Triumvirate, and to the influence of foreign researchers and specialized scientists who were active in Athens. Some of them are carriers of foreign philosophical currents, e.g. Saint-SimonismSaint-Simon. To be noted that the 1835 decree was published in the Government Gazette in both Greek and German. The period ends with a public uprising in 1843 and the approval of a constitution of minor significance. With Athens becoming more cosmopolitan, it is worth remembering that the revolt in front of the palace was led by a senior military officer who had just attended an Italian opera performance.