Binder Syndrome: Prenatal Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis
摘要
Binder syndrome, also called nasomaxillary dysplasia or maxillo-nasal dysostosis, is a congenital malformation characterized by a “dish-face” deformity and retruded flat nose [1]. The first characterization of this syndrome was performed by Zuckerkandl in 1882 who described an anomaly of the anterior nasal floor in which the normal crest that separates the nasal floor from the anterior surface of the maxilla was absent [2]. In 1939, Noyes described a patient with a flat nasal tip sitting on a retruded nasomaxillary base [3]. In 1962, Binder described the syndrome in three cases that were characterized by a short nose with flat bridge, a short columella, an acute nasolabial angle, perialar flatness, a convex upper lip, and “reverse overbite” (or class III malocclusion) [4].