This chapter develops the scope of Miranda’s political thought. Miranda’s most advanced ideas were distancing himself from any ideology except the basic principles of a peaceful life in society (cooperation, equality of rights, and individual freedom). The Constitution’s task is to defend these fundamental principles through the separation of powers. At the same time, dogmatic options must be legitimately expressed through legislative initiatives subject to public, pluralistic debates and autonomous counterpowers. His purpose in achieving complete emancipation of the colonies was to achieve external decolonisation (independence) and allow internal decolonisation (socio-ethnic inclusion) by respecting Indian cultures. The detailed modalities of his principles pass the test of the Darwinian selection of political regimes, fulfilling our criteria of precursory ideas. In particular, his attempt to combine the two antagonistic doctrines of the teleological “yus naturalism” and liberal utilitarianism in a single concept of “rational freedom” is remarkably contemporaneous in resolving the fundamental aporia between the need for political power and essential individual freedom. He demonstrates a visionary capacity to warn against the risks of tyranny he perceived in the direct democracy (“popular power”) advocated by Rousseau’s followers. Noteworthy are the federal modalities of his constitutional projects, which announce subsidiarity as the geographical dimension of democracy and separation of powers. He viewed economic development as an endogenous process driven by institutions that ensure good governance. Unfortunately, internal emancipation failed because Bolivar betrayed Miranda by delivering him to his enemies and usurped his role, substituting a non-democratic, centralistic caudillism for Miranda’s decentralised democracy. The consequences are still visible now.