The olive oil business, a pillar of the agro-food sector, presents substantial environmental issues due to the large-scale development of solid waste and effluents, such as olive mill solid waste (OMSW) and olive mill wastewater (OMWW). The improper disposal of these by-products endangers both ecosystems and human health. However, valorizing these wastes provides a long-term solution for reducing environmental impacts while unlocking economic potential. The olive oil sector may improve efficiency, sustainability, and economic growth by incorporating waste valorization into production processes. This chapter investigates novel approaches for converting OMSW and OMWW into biofuels and value-added bioproducts, such as compost, charcoal, biogas, and bioethanol, and also emphasizes the industrial viability and investment prospects that promote sustainability and circular economy techniques in the olive oil industry. This chapter focuses on the importance of technological breakthroughs and process optimization in encouraging resource recovery, decreasing waste, and contributing to a greener future.