This chapter focuses on regional universities at the supranational level, indicating that regional networks of universities located in a single country are not included. Four criteria are used to help identify regional universities around the world. Complementing the criteria, a “definition” of a regional university is proposed, and the key elements of the definition are elaborated on. A brief overview of key academic references on regional universities is provided noting the surprise at how few studies on regional universities are available and generally how regional universities are an understudied phenomenon. The tables illustrate that the founding dates of the 13 regional universities span eight decades, from 1948 to 2011, and cover five regions of the world, with North America being the exception. An analysis of the number of co-founding and participating countries in establishing the institution, ranging from 3 to 19, illustrates the collaborative nature of regional universities. The key characteristics used to analyze each of the case studies in the following two chapters are described.