Multi-sensory Developments in Geography Education. A Historical Analysis of the Situation in French Educational Institutions
摘要
The initial geography textbooks relied on various mnemonic devices, learning and memorization methods that seem outdated today. However, the evolution of techniques and procedures for reproducing images and sounds, manual graphic drawing for map creation, and scale model design have promoted the acquisition of manual dexterity in geography since the nineteenth century. In the twentieth century, the development of field trips, student surveys during outings, and other multisensory approaches have also been implemented. Although geography teaching still prioritizes the visual aspect and field trips remain relatively rare, educators, pedagogues, and teacher trainers have long suggested alternative teaching methods. This chapter provides an overview of this historical narrative and, through a case study of France’s early childhood education, focuses on the legacies that can serve as a foundation for multisensory methodologies.