Mises: The Disutility of Labor
摘要
Human action is a purposeful behavior conducted by humans to increase their utility. In praxeology (the science of human action), it is uncommon, if not impossible, for humans to engage in behaviors that lead to a loss of utility. However, if we look at a laborious job, people are engaging in an activity that is seen as unpleasant and uncomfortable by the actors. Humans suffer the negative utility of work to benefit from the positive value of leisure. Ludwig Von Mises recognized this conflicting relationship between labor and leisure and endeavored to illuminate what seems to be a significant conundrum. Mises observed that when people work, they seem to participate in a process that does not provide positive value; on the contrary, work is frequently uncomfortable for individuals and often ends up reducing their utility. Many employees do not like their jobs but rather see them as a means to an end. As a result, the act of working by itself, according to Mises, is an activity that causes disutility. The goal of this chapter is to traverse what Mises referred to as the “disutility of labor.”