Gibbs’ Differential Calculus via Exterior Differential Forms
摘要
In certain chapters of this book we make reference to the Gibbs’ calculus. In Chap. 16 we demonstrate, with the aid of exterior differential forms, that a large class of classical problems in the Newton-Maxwell paradigm is amenable to direct analysis using the operators “div, grad and curl” in arbitrary coordinate charts for Euclidean \(\mathbb {R}^{3}\) with the aid of the dual map , the Hodge map \(\star \) and the exterior derivative d. These act on arbitrary p-forms or vector fields on manifolds of arbitrary dimension. The Hodge operator is defined algebraically with respect to a metric tensor of arbitrary signature whilst the exterior derivative requires only a differential structure on the manifold.