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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant worldwide health hazard, and it is particularly concerning in bone and joint infections. Treating these infections is intrinsically difficult, and AMR worsens the challenge because of the intricate structure of bones and joints, which can make it difficult for antibiotics to reach the site of infection. The onset of AMR is primarily attributed to several factors, with a key focus on the excessive use of antibiotics in both human and animal populations. Additionally, the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria within healthcare settings plays a significant role in exacerbating this issue. Another contributing factor is the emergence of new antibiotic resistance genes. AMR can lead to a number of serious complications in bone and joint infections, including increased treatment failure rates, the need for more invasive surgery, longer hospital stays, and, finally, higher mortality rates. Promoting strategies to mitigate the risk of AMR in bone and joint infections involves several measures, such as using antibiotics judiciously, specifically when required, adhering to proper hygiene practices both in and out of healthcare settings, developing new antibiotics and other treatments for bone and joint infections. Researchers are actively exploring innovative methods to diagnose and treat bone and joint infections, such as using phage therapy and immunotherapy. These novel approaches could potentially decrease the dependency on antibiotics and mitigate the risk of AMR in bone and joint infections. Some of the most common antibiotic-resistant bacteria that cause bone and joint infections include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The emergence and persistence of antibiotic resistance in these bacterial strains underscore the urgency for continued research to ensure successful outcomes in patient care and minimize the broader impact of antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings.

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Bacterial Resistance

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Marco Trevenzoli,
  • Vincenzo Scaglione,
  • Annamaria Cattelan

摘要

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant worldwide health hazard, and it is particularly concerning in bone and joint infections. Treating these infections is intrinsically difficult, and AMR worsens the challenge because of the intricate structure of bones and joints, which can make it difficult for antibiotics to reach the site of infection. The onset of AMR is primarily attributed to several factors, with a key focus on the excessive use of antibiotics in both human and animal populations. Additionally, the transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria within healthcare settings plays a significant role in exacerbating this issue. Another contributing factor is the emergence of new antibiotic resistance genes. AMR can lead to a number of serious complications in bone and joint infections, including increased treatment failure rates, the need for more invasive surgery, longer hospital stays, and, finally, higher mortality rates. Promoting strategies to mitigate the risk of AMR in bone and joint infections involves several measures, such as using antibiotics judiciously, specifically when required, adhering to proper hygiene practices both in and out of healthcare settings, developing new antibiotics and other treatments for bone and joint infections. Researchers are actively exploring innovative methods to diagnose and treat bone and joint infections, such as using phage therapy and immunotherapy. These novel approaches could potentially decrease the dependency on antibiotics and mitigate the risk of AMR in bone and joint infections. Some of the most common antibiotic-resistant bacteria that cause bone and joint infections include methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The emergence and persistence of antibiotic resistance in these bacterial strains underscore the urgency for continued research to ensure successful outcomes in patient care and minimize the broader impact of antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings.