Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication after hip and knee arthroplasty, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Recent developments in understanding and managing PJI include advances in diagnostic techniques, the identification of risk factors, and novel treatment strategies. Preventive measures involving preoperative optimization and antimicrobial prophylaxis are essential in reducing the risk of infection. The multidisciplinary approach involving orthopedic surgeons, infectious disease specialists, and microbiologists is crucial for successful management. Continued research and collaboration are needed to further improve patient outcomes in PJI.