Despite implementing precautionary measures, the incidence of surgical site infections (SSI) in orthopedic surgery, along with its associated consequences, continues to pose a significant challenge. Globally, the emphasis on infection prevention and control in perioperative settings is paramount in every healthcare system. Managing perioperative infections imposes a substantial psychological and financial burden, as patients with SSI often experience prolonged hospital stays, increased morbidity and mortality rates, and elevated healthcare costs. The complexity of treating such infections is heightened when dealing with implanted biomaterials. Consequently, the prevention of SSI in orthopedic surgery emerges as a complex and crucial issue, demanding the integration of various measures before, during, and after surgery. Throughout the years, extensive research has been conducted to explore different aspects of SSI prevention, aiming to identify optimal strategies and establish effective clinical practices.