Vermicomposting is a biotechnological method of composting in which specific species of earthworms are employed to speed up waste conversion and provide a higher-quality end product. It is a nourishing plant diet that is high in nitrogen and carbon, also necessary for soil microbiomes including nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi, which are good growth boosters. It can function as a good nutritional biofertilizer that is very effective at promoting growth. Earthworms are important detritus feeders that are critical to the decomposition of organic materials and the metabolism of soil. They are known as soil health indicators. Enhancing soil fertility is the outcome of a complex process that involves the partial breakdown of organic waste and mixing it with mucus and gut microbial flora in the form of earthworm cast. Vermitechnology is an important technology in solid waste management, especially organic wastes. For plant growth and productivity, vermicomposting through vermifiltration plays a very vital and useful role. Due to the importance of earthworms, vermitechnology, which makes use of both surface- and subsurface-dwelling indigenous earthworm varieties, has been developed. This technology is used for composting and soil management. As a result, the vermicomposting process may effectively recycle organic waste, producing vermiwash and vermicompost, both of which have been shown to be crucial to the health and productivity of plants. Agriculture has traditionally stood for the sustainable production of food with the least possible disruption to the natural environment. This chapter focuses on the general perspectives of vermitechnology, its role in plant growth and how phytoremediation processes could be enhanced by the use of vermicomposting by-products.