Objective and Subjective Minds in Sacred-Profane Courtyards Through Spatial Semiotics
摘要
A spatial sign is an object indicating direct association. Creating an object is an action of self-representation that incorporates symbolic structures within semiotic spaces. Sacred spaces display an interrelationship between architectural expression and self-revelation. As envoys of knowledge, they signify religious, political, and social affiliations. Reading a space requires an understanding of architectural sign systems and rhetoric. Knowledge is awareness of facts and refers to familiarity with objects. Empirical knowledge comes from perception, which is related to the five senses. Others include memory. Skill is the ability to act with positive results within a limited time and requires environmental stimuli and situations for assessment. As a self-contained phenomenal experience, feelings are subjective, evaluative, and independent of sensations, thoughts, or images. Subjective experiences arise in the mind; physical sensations occur when a material is touched. A courtyard is an extended living area and open-closed space surrounded by building elements to provide privacy and visual-physical access to nature. It allows the human mind to develop spirituality in heaven. This paper invites the semiosphere to Romanesque cloisters and Umayyad sahns in sacred-profane courtyards to observe how memory, objective-subject minds, and knowledge/skill/feeling play to produce perceptions and interpretations between Christians and Muslims.