This chapter examines non-territorial polycentric governance as an alternative approach to intrastate and international relations. By decoupling governance from geographic territories, this model offers innovative solutions to challenges in inter-group conflict, minority protection, and broader governance issues. The chapter presents non-territorial federalism as a compelling alternative for empowering Indigenous communities and minority groups in Australia, particularly as a complement or alternative to the “Voice to Parliament”. Extending this concept to international relations, the chapter explores the potential of non-territorial governance to foster shared sovereignty and inclusivity across boundaries. It also highlights the transformative role of emerging technologies, such as blockchain, in enabling decentralised, self-sovereign governance models. By focusing on shared and overlapping sovereignty, the chapter contributes to the discourse on flexible, inclusive governance structures that promote cooperation, autonomy, and self-determination in an increasingly complex and interconnected world.