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In 1912, some 330 people donated for a portrait of Felix Klein by the important (Jewish) Impressionist painter Max Liebermann. The list of donors (Fig. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4) includes many foreign mathematicians (many of them were Jewish). Klein supported them regardless of their religion and nationality. Some of their personal connections with Klein go back to his time as a Privatdozent in Göttingen. This article considers Klein’s impact on foreign mathematicians under the following aspects. Firstly, we look at Klein’s aim to create a school of scientific productivity. We briefly compare Klein’s way of leading young mathematicians to their own new results with the behaviour of other important German mathematicians in this respect. Secondly, we give an overview of the foreign mathematicians he inspired to write dissertations or make mathematical findings. Some relationships with mathematicians from Italy, Hungary, and Russia are examined in more detail. Thirdly, we investigate what influence Klein’s interdisciplinary/joint research seminars had on the results of mathematicians from abroad who participated in these seminars in Göttingen.

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Felix Klein’s Vision: A School for Mathematical Productivity Regardless of Nationality, Gender, and Area of Research

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Renate Tobies

摘要

In 1912, some 330 people donated for a portrait of Felix Klein by the important (Jewish) Impressionist painter Max Liebermann. The list of donors (Fig. 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4) includes many foreign mathematicians (many of them were Jewish). Klein supported them regardless of their religion and nationality. Some of their personal connections with Klein go back to his time as a Privatdozent in Göttingen. This article considers Klein’s impact on foreign mathematicians under the following aspects. Firstly, we look at Klein’s aim to create a school of scientific productivity. We briefly compare Klein’s way of leading young mathematicians to their own new results with the behaviour of other important German mathematicians in this respect. Secondly, we give an overview of the foreign mathematicians he inspired to write dissertations or make mathematical findings. Some relationships with mathematicians from Italy, Hungary, and Russia are examined in more detail. Thirdly, we investigate what influence Klein’s interdisciplinary/joint research seminars had on the results of mathematicians from abroad who participated in these seminars in Göttingen.