Pain is a shared human experience, and in the United States, up to 50 million Americans have chronic pain while approximately 20 million have high-impact chronic pain. As such, chronic pain is recognized as a major public health problem. Recent research shows that Black/African Americans are one group that experiences more high-impact chronic pain; yet, their pain more often goes under-recognized and dismissed. Subsequently, treatment is delayed or denied based on fallacious racial stereotypes, like being more tolerant of pain or drug-seeking. Further, their healthcare experiences exemplify inequity in pain care. In this manner, we need to transform the understanding of pain from not only a public health problem but also to a human and civil rights issue. Addressing disparities requires an integrated approach that includes culturally competent care, patient advocacy, education, and modification of social determinants of health. This chapter discusses pain stereotypes and stigma, racial differences in the pain experience, and cultural considerations for assessment and multimodal treatment of pain including identification of potential opioid misuse.