This chapter explores the relationship between population aging and innovation in the healthcare sector, focusing on the implications of an ageing population for the development of assistive technologies, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices. Using patent data from the United States, Europe, and Japan, we use a keyword-based approach to identify patents relevant for to the treatment of age-related diseases and analyze technological trends for these innovations, and for assistive technologies, over the last 20 years. Our findings reveal a notable increase in patent activity in these areas, both in absolute numbers and in relative terms. Key trends include the growing complexity and interdisciplinary nature of these innovations, shorter patent grant times for patents relative to age-related diseases, and a significant rise in the integration of digital technologies, particularly in data processing. Taken together, these trends indicate a growing scientific and commercial interest in addressing the healthcare needs of an aging population and highlight the role of market demand in shaping research and innovation in the healthcare sector.