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Radiotherapy has long been an essential element in the treatment of cancer patients, and more than half of the patients require radiotherapy for various purposes during their treatment. Radiotherapy has made tremendous progress in recent decades. In the past, two-dimensional treatments with large fields and fixed radiation angles were used, which led to high toxicity in normal tissues. After that, 3D radiotherapy was developed, which, by using imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) scans, made it possible to identify tumors and normal tissues, resulting in reduced toxicity. Following these developments, newer methods were introduced, including intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), which created a revolution in radiotherapy by utilizing precise dynamic modulation of radiation intensity. Subsequently, volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) increased the accuracy of treatment by enabling continuous arc radiation. Particle therapy has brought hope for the treatment of radio-resistant tumors, and the progress of radiotherapy continues.

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Overview of Radiotherapy Techniques and Modalities: Conventional and Modern Approaches

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Mohadeseh Shahin,
  • Zahra Siavashpour,
  • Manijeh Beigi,
  • Seied Rabi Mahdavi

摘要

Radiotherapy has long been an essential element in the treatment of cancer patients, and more than half of the patients require radiotherapy for various purposes during their treatment. Radiotherapy has made tremendous progress in recent decades. In the past, two-dimensional treatments with large fields and fixed radiation angles were used, which led to high toxicity in normal tissues. After that, 3D radiotherapy was developed, which, by using imaging techniques like computed tomography (CT) scans, made it possible to identify tumors and normal tissues, resulting in reduced toxicity. Following these developments, newer methods were introduced, including intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), which created a revolution in radiotherapy by utilizing precise dynamic modulation of radiation intensity. Subsequently, volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) increased the accuracy of treatment by enabling continuous arc radiation. Particle therapy has brought hope for the treatment of radio-resistant tumors, and the progress of radiotherapy continues.