Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major non-communicable disease responsible for millions of deaths annually worldwide. This study examines the risk factors associated with COPD in Quebec, using data from the 2017–2018 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS). We ran a logistic regression to analyze the association between a COPD diagnosis and various demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and behavioral factors. Among the 15,080 participants included in the analysis, 5.8% (n = 874) were diagnosed with COPD. The results revealed significant positive associations with age, asthma, anxiety, smoking, and physical inactivity. Conversely, higher levels of education and income were negatively associated with the likelihood of having COPD.