Business entities across various industries generate vast amounts of data, with volumes continuously expanding. This exponential growth is expected to accelerate further, driven by the private sector’s digital transformation initiatives. Until recently, open data ecosystems were primarily associated with transparent and open government. However, new policies are now fostering industrial open data ecosystem initiatives, recognizing data as a crucial driver of innovation and a powerful tool for addressing societal challenges on a global scale. Numerous challenges are connected with the key elements of the open data ecosystem, including stakeholders, data, infrastructure, and policies. This paper aims to identify the challenges related to the technological infrastructure of industrial open data ecosystems. A systematic literature review identified 11 main challenges, mostly related to data challenges, standardization, and technological user perspective, followed by privacy, security, ethical, and legal challenges. Technological infrastructure is crucial for achieving the successful synergy of the other elements, i.e., for stakeholders, data, and policies, ultimately driving the ecosystem’s effectiveness and sustainability.