The paper presents the results of research on specific aspects of evaluating the effectiveness of forest-climate projects. It outlines the structure of currently implemented projects and identifies economic efficiency as a key criterion for decision-making regarding the implementation of such projects, particularly under modern conditions and considering the ability to assess economic impacts of various activities. The study includes the development of a mathematical model for assessing the economic efficiency of forest-climate projects and highlights certain limitations inherent in the activities within these projects. Taking these limitations and the economic aspects of business operations into account, a general mathematical model for optimizing forest-climate projects is proposed. Furthermore, a graphical model for implementing these projects is developed, based on a set of activities and evaluations of achieved effects. An important conclusion from the study is that the examined projects will continue to evolve, with their overall number expected to increase over time.