The presented research focuses on a comprehensive analysis of the Smart Dust technology and assessment of the readiness of its components and development of requirements for the model abstraction, which is necessary for the formation of swarm structures without active movement control. The paper considers key aspects of the implementation of communication protocols between swarm particles, which ensures their effective interaction and synchronization. Potential problems and challenges associated with the implementation of the system, including energy consumption, security and scalability, are also discussed. The results of the study allow us to draw conclusions about the prospects for using Smart Dust technology to create highly effective monitoring and control systems in various fields.