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Amblyopia is a developmental visual disorder characterized by reduced visual acuity despite optimal refractive correction. To evaluate the efficacy of virtual reality (VR)–based vision therapy protocol-implemented via the VIVID Vision software (Vivid Vision Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA) in combination with commercial VR devices was used for patients with refractory amblyopia compared to conventional treatment. Another objective was to assess whether adult patients can achieve clinically significant visual improvement with a daily, intensive training regimen, thereby challenging the traditional notion of a critical period for amblyopia treatment. 62 patients with amblyopia who had previously undergone conventional vision therapy without clinically significant improvement were enrolled. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group 0 (patients aged <18 years) and Group 1 (patients aged \(\ge 18\) years). A refractive correction was determined following cycloplegic refraction and patients requiring optical correction received custom-made rigid gas-permeable contact lenses. All participants engaged in daily VR-based therapy sessions and were re-evaluated every 2 months. Treatment continued until full visual acuity (defined as 1.0 on the designated scale) was achieved or the patient discontinued therapy. Best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) was measured at the beginning and the end of the rehabilitation period. Statistically significant improvements in BCDVA were observed in both age groups following the intervention. Adult patients (Group 1) achieved clinically meaningful gains despite this population’s traditionally presumed lower neuroplastic potential. VR-assisted vision therapy combined with optimal optical correction via custom-made rigid gas permeable contact lenses (selected after cycloplegic refraction) can yield substantial improvements in visual acuity in patients with refractory amblyopia. These findings suggest that, with an appropriately intensive daily regimen, even adult patients exhibit significant neuroplastic potential. Prospective controlled studies are warranted to validate these results further.

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The Use of Vision Therapy in the Treatment of Refractory Amblyopia

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Marcin Jaworski,
  • Patrycja Romaniszyn-Kania,
  • Daniel Ledwoń,
  • Anna Bierzyńska,
  • Marta Świerczyńska,
  • Piotr Jaworski,
  • Dorota Wyględowska-Promieńska,
  • Sławomir Teper,
  • Andrzej W. Mitas

摘要

Amblyopia is a developmental visual disorder characterized by reduced visual acuity despite optimal refractive correction. To evaluate the efficacy of virtual reality (VR)–based vision therapy protocol-implemented via the VIVID Vision software (Vivid Vision Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA) in combination with commercial VR devices was used for patients with refractory amblyopia compared to conventional treatment. Another objective was to assess whether adult patients can achieve clinically significant visual improvement with a daily, intensive training regimen, thereby challenging the traditional notion of a critical period for amblyopia treatment. 62 patients with amblyopia who had previously undergone conventional vision therapy without clinically significant improvement were enrolled. Subjects were divided into two groups: Group 0 (patients aged <18 years) and Group 1 (patients aged \(\ge 18\) years). A refractive correction was determined following cycloplegic refraction and patients requiring optical correction received custom-made rigid gas-permeable contact lenses. All participants engaged in daily VR-based therapy sessions and were re-evaluated every 2 months. Treatment continued until full visual acuity (defined as 1.0 on the designated scale) was achieved or the patient discontinued therapy. Best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) was measured at the beginning and the end of the rehabilitation period. Statistically significant improvements in BCDVA were observed in both age groups following the intervention. Adult patients (Group 1) achieved clinically meaningful gains despite this population’s traditionally presumed lower neuroplastic potential. VR-assisted vision therapy combined with optimal optical correction via custom-made rigid gas permeable contact lenses (selected after cycloplegic refraction) can yield substantial improvements in visual acuity in patients with refractory amblyopia. These findings suggest that, with an appropriately intensive daily regimen, even adult patients exhibit significant neuroplastic potential. Prospective controlled studies are warranted to validate these results further.