This research paper offers an comparative analysis of various software development models, focusing on their processes within the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The study evaluates primary models including Waterfall, Agile, V-Model, Spiral, Prototype, Iterative and Incremental Model and Rapid Application Development Model, examining them across key factors including flexibility, project scale, development duration, cost, and software quality. Each model’s advantages and limitations are discussed, along with the specific project contexts in which they are most effective. Given the central role of the SDLC in software engineering, selecting an appropriate development model is critical for aligning with project requirements and constraints. Based on a study using quantitative approach, the findings indicate that Agile methodology outperforms other models due to its adaptability, iterative nature, and stakeholder involvement, leading to improved project efficiency and higher success rates. The paper concludes that the Agile methodology is the most effective approach for modern software development.