The contemporary technosphere, and particularly digital technology, continues to challenge traditional forms of sociality. Erich Fromm, with his related concepts of biophilia and necrophilia, provides a springboard for the critical consideration of the relationship between the individual and their society under the conditions of advanced capitalism and technological totalization. The necrophilous character, beyond merely being an instantiation of an obsession with all that is dead and destructive, is closely intertwined with modern technological development that foregrounds progress without consideration of human needs and values. It entails a withered interpersonal relationship structure; one based in commodification, bureaucracy, and alienation. This affects not just the individual themselves, instantiating automaton conformity, but also how they view others and the world. The biophilic, in contrast, centres creative and productive character traits. In this chapter, the traits predominant in online communities of necrophilia (most pronounced in certain forms of contemporary politics online) are contrasted with those striven for in online communities of biophilia. The Bear community, a form of critical communitarianism, is identified as exemplar of such a biophilic community. This LGBTQ subgroup will be investigated to intuit liberatory praxis that is of importance for the broader social context, and which is in line with the biophilic ideal that Fromm proposes.

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Thanatos and Civilization: Erich Fromm and Necrophilia as Product of Technological Modernity

  • Jean du Toit

摘要

The contemporary technosphere, and particularly digital technology, continues to challenge traditional forms of sociality. Erich Fromm, with his related concepts of biophilia and necrophilia, provides a springboard for the critical consideration of the relationship between the individual and their society under the conditions of advanced capitalism and technological totalization. The necrophilous character, beyond merely being an instantiation of an obsession with all that is dead and destructive, is closely intertwined with modern technological development that foregrounds progress without consideration of human needs and values. It entails a withered interpersonal relationship structure; one based in commodification, bureaucracy, and alienation. This affects not just the individual themselves, instantiating automaton conformity, but also how they view others and the world. The biophilic, in contrast, centres creative and productive character traits. In this chapter, the traits predominant in online communities of necrophilia (most pronounced in certain forms of contemporary politics online) are contrasted with those striven for in online communities of biophilia. The Bear community, a form of critical communitarianism, is identified as exemplar of such a biophilic community. This LGBTQ subgroup will be investigated to intuit liberatory praxis that is of importance for the broader social context, and which is in line with the biophilic ideal that Fromm proposes.