The increasing demand to meet the food requirements for the increasing global population has put an additional task and effort into ensuring the safety and quality of food reaching them. Ensuring the robustness of quality assurance systems in the agri-food supply chains and the food industry calls for holistic, real-time, on-site monitoring, which should be able to judge multiple categories of food products within a short period and ensure no defect gets passed on to the consumer. Terahertz spectroscopy in this segment has gained momentum due to its unique ability to combine the radiation characteristic of microwave and infrared and able to detect various biomolecular events and provide a unique fingerprint signature for the identification and classification of several foreign materials, preservatives, additives, harmful toxins, and additives in food commodities. This chapter is designed to provide a holistic understanding of the terahertz principle and instrumentation followed by different spectroscopic approaches using the terahertz domain, and its beneficial impact for achieving food safety, standards, and security is being discussed concerning several conducted investigations.