Health Risk Management Using Persuasive Technology: A Scoping Review
摘要
Persuasive technology (PT) uses techniques such as goal-setting and feedback to promote behavioral changes, and its effectiveness in mitigating various health conditions has been demonstrated in numerous studies. However, no systematic or scoping review has explored the application of PT in general health risk management. Existing reviews tend to focus on specific risk factors or health conditions, leaving a gap in exploring the broader application of PT in mitigating different health risks. This paper aims to expand the scope of existing reviews to include a wide range of health conditions managed through PT. A scoping review was performed following the approach outlined by Tranfield et al. and the PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic/scoping reviews. The search was conducted across 5 databases. From an initial pool of 688 studies, 126 were removed due to duplication. Of the 21 studies included in the final analysis, 7 (33.33%) focused on general health risks. Physical activity was the most frequently targeted behavior in all but 5 studies (76.19%). Web-based platforms and mobile health applications were the most used digital technology (38.09% each), followed by wearable devices (19.05%). Feedback was the most employed PT technique (52.38%), with goal-setting (33.33%) and personalization (38.10%) also being frequently utilized. Despite the reported effectiveness of PT-based interventions, it remains unclear how to design the most effective tailored messages for diverse populations (especially underserved populations) without assuming population homogeneity (one-size-fits-all approach). Further research is required to address this gap and develop more tailored and personalized interventions.