Bioabsorbable Stent for Aortic Coarctation: A Computational and Experimental Approach
摘要
The human heart plays a vital role as the main pump for maintaining constant blood circulation. Nevertheless, genetic predisposition can result in congenital heart abnormalities, such as aortic coarctation being a prominent instance. Around 0.04% of people worldwide are impacted by aortic coarctation, and it accounts for approximately 10% of congenital heart disease instances in adult individuals. The medical field’s focus on finding treatments for aortic coarctation and other heart conditions has led to the creation of new therapies. This study aims to create a bioabsorbable stent for treating Pediatric Aortic Coarctation using 3D printing with PLA. PLA was analyzed for chemical (FTIR) and thermal (TGA and DSC) performance in both its raw state and as printed prototypes, and mechanical performance (Linear Recoil, and 3-point bending) on printed prototypes. The research group developed software to create the stent geometry, which was then analyzed using Finite Element Method (FEM) to find the best geometry. Results indicated that there was no chemical or thermal distinction between the raw PLA and the printed prototypes. The analysis using Finite Element Analysis demonstrated that the von Mises stresses were higher than the yield strength of PLA ( \(\approx \) 10 MPa) but below the average rupture stress ( \(\approx \) 50 MPa). Linear Recoil on the printed stents was found to be on average 31.8%, consistent with previous research, while 3-point bending demonstrated reliable results and deflected up to 2 mm. The findings from these tests suggest that bioabsorbable stents made from PLA, which rapidly expand in balloons, could be a promising treatment for pediatric aortic coarctation.