This investigation scrutinizes the sophisticated spatial topology of the Shandong Peninsula’s high-tech enterprise network, a cornerstone within the region’s burgeoning innovation ecosystem. In the context of the global transition towards knowledge-driven economies and the intensifying competition for technological leadership, the refinement of innovation resource allocation and the formation of effective collaborative networks are of paramount importance. Employing cutting-edge analytical methodologies and sophisticated network modeling, this study constructs an exhaustive framework to delineate the spatial distribution, hierarchical architecture, and functional dynamics of the Shandong Peninsula’s high-tech enterprise network. The findings unveil a dual-core structure, with Jinan and Qingdao acting as pivotal nodes of innovation, exerting substantial influence over the regional network. The study underscores the necessity for strategic interventions to bolster the network’s connectivity and resilience, thereby fostering a more cohesive and dynamic regional innovation ecosystem. The insights gleaned from this study provide invaluable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in shaping the future trajectory of the Shandong Peninsula’s innovation landscape, promoting sustainable growth and advancement in the region.