The article examines the peculiarities of the functioning of the electronic healthcare system of Ukraine which can be used in law enforcement practice for timely prevention, detection and investigation of criminal offences committed in the healthcare sector. It is stated that modern technological processes in the healthcare sector have a significant impact on the proof of criminal offences. Attention is paid to the procedure for implementing the State programme of medical guarantees in terms of committing unlawful acts. The author summarises typical ways of committing criminal offences related to interference with the electronic healthcare system. The author focuses on the issue of identifying the offender and transferring to other persons a login, password, advanced electronic signature or qualified electronic signature of the user. The author emphasises the problems of identification of a person whose information is entered into the electronic healthcare system of Ukraine and the possibility of comparing a patient’s unique code with his/her personal data. The practical significance of the article is to improve the regulatory framework for electronic identification means by introducing amendments to Article 15 of the Law of Ukraine ‘On Electronic Identification and Electronic Trust Services’ No. 2155-VIII dated 05.11.2017 and paragraph 16 of the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine ‘Some Issues of the Electronic Healthcare System’ No. 411 dated 25.04.2018.