This chapter opens with a middle-class Chinese immigrant mother in Southern California criticizing affirmative action as a zero-sum policy benefiting other minority groups at the expense of high-achieving Asian Americans. Her narrative is then situated within the context of the unexpected rise of Chinese American conservative activism against affirmative action in recent years. This chapter proceeds with a literature review and the significance, scope, and methodology of this book. It is one of the first endeavors to combine ethnographic observation and interviews to examine the broader Chinese American community’s views on race, education, and affirmative action and the effect of institutional trust on policy acceptance. It then introduces three key terms central to the book, addressing the heterogeneity of Chinese Americans, the rise and fall of affirmative action, and the nuances of selective admissions. This chapter concludes with an overview of the book.