Conclusions
摘要
This chapter synthesises the findings from the previous eight chapters to define functional integration. It introduces a broad concept of functional integration and critically assesses its explanatory value in understanding eukaryogenesis. Following this, it provides a more precise and robust characterisation of functional integration, exploring its theoretical implications within the ongoing philosophical debate on organismality, individuality, collective organisations, autonomy, major evolutionary transitions, and various forms of collective synchronic organisations. The chapter argues that functional integration arises from four biological dimensions: spatial constraints, system-level regulation, spatio-temporal coordination among the component parts, and system-level reproduction.