Suicide Intervention from the Perspective of Positive Psychiatry and Positive Psychotherapy
摘要
This chapter explores suicide intervention from the perspective of Positive Psychotherapy (PPT after Peseschkian). Suicide, initially studied as a sociological phenomenon by Emile Durkheim, remains a significant global concern, with varying trends across regions and demographics. PPT offers a holistic approach to suicide prevention through its Balance Model, which includes four dimensions: body, achievement, relationship, and fantasy. The body dimension addresses how individuals may use physical responses, like self-harm, to cope with emotional pain. The achievement dimension focuses on developing skills to manage work and academic stress, potentially reducing suicide risk. The relationship dimension emphasizes the importance of social connections and support networks, while the fantasy dimension explores how imagination can provide temporary relief from distress. Individuals with suicidal thoughts often rely on the body and fantasy dimensions to manage their internal conflicts, but PPT suggests redistributing focus to the relationship and achievement dimensions for healthier coping strategies. The chapter also delves into the roles of “self,” “other,” “we,” and “primal we” dimensions in understanding the roots of suicidal tendencies, particularly in relation to family dynamics and parental psychopathology. Finally, the chapter examines the relationship between capacities – such as trust, hope, and love – and suicide risk, emphasizing that strengthening these capabilities through PPT can significantly reduce suicidal thoughts and improve overall well-being. By integrating these dimensions and capabilities, PPT provides a comprehensive framework for addressing and preventing suicide.