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The onset of Industry 4.0 marks the beginning of a fresh phase in smart manufacturing, characterized by the adoption of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. Human–robot collaboration (HRC) is a crucial element in Industry 4.0’s smart manufacturing, offering new opportunities to enhance efficiency, flexibility, and productivity that were not available before. By merging the capabilities of humans and robots, industry 4.0 enhances effectiveness and safety in the manufacturing process. People focus on decision-making, problem-solving, and creativity, while robots excel at tasks that involve heavy lifting and mechanical repetition. This partnership between individuals and artificial intelligence reduces mistakes, optimizes resource utilization, and elevates the overall quality of output. This study explores the basic concepts and presents practical uses of HRC in Industry 4.0, providing a straightforward overview of the field in the present era. The new concept of human–robot collaboration (HRC) is revolutionizing the industrial setting within Industry 4.0 by transforming smart production processes. This chapter thoroughly examines HRC’s present situation in smart manufacturing, considering its benefits, limitations, and future potential. This study explores how human resource continuities (HRC) can transform production processes by analyzing background literature, case studies, and technological developments use cases to enhance flexibility, quality, and workplace security. This research delves into the socio-technical aspects of HRC, including concerns such as the necessity for improved AI training for employees, employee interactions, and ethical challenges. This paper offers detailed insights for researchers and policymakers interested in maximizing the potential of human–robot collaboration during Industry 4.0. This research also investigates the socio-technical aspects of HRC, addressing topics such as the necessity for improved AI training for employees, workforce dynamics, and moral quandaries. This article offers detailed insights for researchers and policymakers seeking to harness the potential of collaboration between humans and robots during the Industry 4.0 era. This is achieved by highlighting deficiencies in current studies and mapping out directions for future research.

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Human–Robot Collaboration for Smart Manufacturing in Industry 4.0: A Review, Analysis, and Prospects

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Nisha Banerjee

摘要

The onset of Industry 4.0 marks the beginning of a fresh phase in smart manufacturing, characterized by the adoption of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. Human–robot collaboration (HRC) is a crucial element in Industry 4.0’s smart manufacturing, offering new opportunities to enhance efficiency, flexibility, and productivity that were not available before. By merging the capabilities of humans and robots, industry 4.0 enhances effectiveness and safety in the manufacturing process. People focus on decision-making, problem-solving, and creativity, while robots excel at tasks that involve heavy lifting and mechanical repetition. This partnership between individuals and artificial intelligence reduces mistakes, optimizes resource utilization, and elevates the overall quality of output. This study explores the basic concepts and presents practical uses of HRC in Industry 4.0, providing a straightforward overview of the field in the present era. The new concept of human–robot collaboration (HRC) is revolutionizing the industrial setting within Industry 4.0 by transforming smart production processes. This chapter thoroughly examines HRC’s present situation in smart manufacturing, considering its benefits, limitations, and future potential. This study explores how human resource continuities (HRC) can transform production processes by analyzing background literature, case studies, and technological developments use cases to enhance flexibility, quality, and workplace security. This research delves into the socio-technical aspects of HRC, including concerns such as the necessity for improved AI training for employees, employee interactions, and ethical challenges. This paper offers detailed insights for researchers and policymakers interested in maximizing the potential of human–robot collaboration during Industry 4.0. This research also investigates the socio-technical aspects of HRC, addressing topics such as the necessity for improved AI training for employees, workforce dynamics, and moral quandaries. This article offers detailed insights for researchers and policymakers seeking to harness the potential of collaboration between humans and robots during the Industry 4.0 era. This is achieved by highlighting deficiencies in current studies and mapping out directions for future research.