Maternal fetal health overlaps with nutrition, food safety, and reproductive physiology to understand the changes that are taking place in pregnant women for their physiological and anatomical development toward supporting fetal development. This puts at risk not only the health of the fetus but also of the mother, the chance of nutritional deficit and foodborne infections. A mother’s ideal fetal growth and well-being rely on the required nutrients: the macronutrients, the micronutrients, and any supplement. The primary hazards of such foodborne pathogens include Salmonella species, Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria monocytogenes, and similar bacteria that produce serious issues and can lead to miscarriage and stillbirth with premature labor due to congenital disorders. A discussion on infection getting past a mother’s defences and even injuring the fetus at a maternal fetal interface is put forward. Principal risks throughout pregnancy include residues from pesticides, environmental pollutants, and the incorrect food processing technique. Public health programs such as education and feasible preventive methods like proper food handling and preservation are prioritized to minimise risks. In addition to these emerging innovations, such as probiotics for immune function, rapid contamination detection, and tailored nutrition through genetic and microbiome studies, legislative and medical policies are proposed to safeguard the health of mothers and their offspring. This chapter calls for a concerted effort to protect women and their children in food safety, maternal nutrition, and reproductive health. It urges further research and education for scholars and health professionals to guarantee safer pregnancies and better outcomes and identifies areas requiring more study and existing information.